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… integration; they also serve as tools to enhance the geopolitical interests of states and broaden the scope of global activity. The study employs two complementary methods. By employing a unique dataset covering Türkiye’s interactions with international organ…

This article develops the Turkic States Sustainable Finance Index (TS-SFI), a region-specific composite framework for benchmarking sustainable finance readiness across the five members of the Organization of Turkic States (OTS): Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzs…

…ions in Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Türkiye, the member states of the Organization of Turkic States. According to the results of the autoregressive distributed lag bounds test (ARDL), based on data covering the period 1997–2019, economi…

Bu çalışmada, Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı (TDT) üyesi olan Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, Kırgızistan, Özbekistan ve Türkiye’nin demiryolu ve havayolu yük taşımacılığı ile iktisadi büyüme arasındaki karşılıklı etkileşimler incelenmektedir. 2007-2020 dönemi verileri kul…

…e of post-Soviet Eurasia has been shaped by the emergence of independent Turkic states and their evolving regional cooperation mechanisms. The Organization of Turkic States (OTS) has become a central platform for fostering diplomatic, economic, and security co…

Diplomacy was in its formative stages during the Middle Ages, and states used advanced diplomatic tools in their interactions. Diplomatic methods such as treaties, mediation, marriage alliances, and cooperation offered distinct advantages and reflected the rol…