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Following their independence in 1991, the Republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan developed active relations with major global and regional actors, including the United States, Russia, Europe, Türkiye, and China. Among these, China emerged as a par…
The administrative structure of the Crimean Khanate was based on a land system with a hierarchical division between the ruling dynasty and the tribal aristocracy. This system maintained the administrative traditions established during the Mongol Empire and was…
This article examines the portrayals of Hünkâr Hacı Bektaş (d. c. 1270), who has been one of the most influential velis (friends of God) among warriors and diverse dervish groups throughout the centuries. The persona of Hacı Bektaş has acquired new meanings wi…
This study compares locative existential sentences in Kyrgyz and Turkish languages focusing on the definiteness effect (DE) and their information structure (IS). The DE is tested looking at the eligibility of various types of Noun Phrases (NPs), including prop…
Dating methods for rock art have traditionally been divided into two categories: traditional and scientific, both with challenges regarding accuracy. The universal appeal of rock art drives scholars to decode its imagery and underlying narratives, requiring an…
It can be noted that Hungary, led by Viktor Orbán, adopts a pragmatic approach when addressing international and regional issues. The Eastern Opening program, launched in 2010, was an important strategic initiative that demonstrated Hungary’s pragmatic foreign…
The environment provides by Pax Ottomana across the vast geography of the Ottoman Empire encouraged the coexistence of diverse ethnic and religious communities which contributed to the development of a culture of coexistence and created a legacy whose traces a…
This study investigates the impact of humanitarianism and its practical application through humanitarian diplomacy on asylumseeker policies in Japan and Türkiye. It particularly focuses on how these policies are interconnected with the national identities of t…
This study aims to evaluate the Organization of Turkic States’ approach to security with a special focus on border issues in the region after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The emergence of independent states in the Caucasus and Central Asia led to border c…
Uzbekistan enacted a new constitution and a series of laws after the proclamation of independence in 1991. The functioning of the new state in a democratic way was organized according to these laws. In this study, it was investigated whether the laws enacted h…
