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Research Article

The Evolution of Land System Terminology in the Crimean Khanate: From Chinggisian Roots to Ottoman Influences

Mehmet Arpacı, Halil İskender

The administrative structure of the Crimean Khanate was based on a land system with a hierarchical division between the ruling dynasty and the tribal aristocracy. This system maintained the administrative traditions established during the Mongol Empire and was…

Issue 115 · Autumn 2025 pp. 85-109 DOI: 10.12995/bilig.8280

Research Article

The Application of the Lichenometry Method to Estimate Petroglyph Ages in Cholpon-Ata, Kyrgyzstan

Nezahat Ceylan, Oktay Özgül, Alpaslan Ashyk, Ulanbek Alimov

Dating methods for rock art have traditionally been divided into two categories: traditional and scientific, both with challenges regarding accuracy. The universal appeal of rock art drives scholars to decode its imagery and underlying narratives, requiring an…

Issue 115 · Autumn 2025 pp. 193-223 DOI: 10.12995/bilig.8385

Research Article

From Chinggisid to Modern State: Geopolitics and Sovereignty in Central Eurasia during the 17th and 18th Centuries

Kubilay Atik, Suat Beylur, Nurlan Kenzheakhmet

The decline of the Mongol Empire and its successor states led to anarchy in Central Eurasia from the 16th to the 18th centuries. This era saw the fall of the Timurids and the Ming Dynasty and the rise of new regional powers, including the Kazakhs and Zunggars …

Issue 111 · Autumn 2024 pp. 159-192 DOI: 10.12995/bilig.11107

Research Article

Method in XIX. Asır Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi: Albert Thibaudet’s Influence on Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar

Veysel Öztürk

In Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar's Ondokuzuncu Asır Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi [The Nineteenth Century History of Turkish Literature], the analysis of the literary texts, authors, and historical context relies primarily on the literary historian’s particular understanding o…

Issue 99 · Autumn 2021 pp. 163-180 DOI: 10.12995/bilig.9907

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