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ISSN: 1301-0549·e-ISSN: 2822-6348

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Featured topics: Turkic World Central Asia Organization of Turkic States Türkiye Identity Kazakhstan

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Research Article
A Comparative Analysis of Reading Achievement Across the Turkic World: PIRLS 2021 as a Benchmark for Educational Unity
Bilginer Onan, Hasan Kağan Keskin, Özay Karadağ

This study examines student- and school-level variables affecting the reading achievement of fourth-grade students in the Turkic Republics (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Türkiye, and Uzbekistan) based on Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2021 …

Issue 119 · Autumn 2026 pp. 73-108 DOI: 10.12995/bilig.9616
Research Article
The Main Macroeconomic Determinants of Environmental Degradation in the Independent Turkic Republics and Türkiye: Panel Data Analysis
Sevda Yapraklı, Dilek Özdemir, Özge Buzdağlı

Precautions to prevent environmental degradation, which is important for the continuation of life, are among the most important issues to which all countries attach importance. For a sustainable environment, it is necessary to make both globally common and ind…

Issue 107 · Autumn 2023 pp. 161-195 DOI: 10.12995/bilig.10706