Araştırma Makalesi
A Comparative Analysis of Reading Achievement Across the Turkic World: PIRLS 2021 as a Benchmark for Educational Unity
…vel variables affecting the reading achievement of fourth-grade students in the Turkic Republics (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Türkiye, and Uzbekistan) based on Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2021 data. Following missing data screening, th…